[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":2206},["ShallowReactive",2],{"page:\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fresource-hints-and-navigation-speed\u002Fearly-hints-103-on-cloudflare":3,"all-docs-nav":1057,"filed:\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fresource-hints-and-navigation-speed\u002Fearly-hints-103-on-cloudflare":2197},{"id":4,"title":5,"body":6,"breadcrumb":1032,"dateModified":1042,"datePublished":1042,"description":1043,"extension":1044,"faq":1045,"meta":1050,"navigation":1051,"path":1052,"seo":1053,"slug":12,"stem":1054,"type":1055,"__hash__":1056},"content\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fresource-hints-and-navigation-speed\u002Fearly-hints-103-on-cloudflare\u002Findex.md","Early Hints (103) on Cloudflare",{"type":7,"value":8,"toc":1013},"minimark",[9,13,17,26,31,44,48,68,85,250,254,260,344,357,361,372,428,434,438,441,466,473,606,610,620,624,627,694,702,706,713,784,877,881,923,927,933,937,942,945,949,952,956,959,963,966,970,1009],[10,11,5],"h1",{"id":12},"early-hints-103-on-cloudflare",[14,15,16],"p",{},"Between the moment a browser sends a request for a page and the moment the first byte of HTML arrives, the connection is idle. For a static page served straight from a CDN cache, that gap is tiny. For a cache miss fetched from a distant origin, or a page that passes through an edge function, it can be 100–400 ms — time in which the browser already knows, or could know, that it will need the site's stylesheet, a font and a hero image. HTTP 103 Early Hints lets the CDN tell the browser about those resources during the gap, so it starts fetching them before the HTML arrives.",[14,18,19,20,25],{},"This guide enables Early Hints on Cloudflare for a static documentation site whose HTML is sometimes fetched from an S3 origin, decides which resources to hint, verifies that browsers receive and use the hints, and measures when they help and when they do not. It is part of ",[21,22,24],"a",{"href":23},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fresource-hints-and-navigation-speed\u002F","Resource Hints and Navigation Speed",".",[27,28,30],"h2",{"id":29},"prerequisites","Prerequisites",[32,33,34,38,41],"ul",{},[35,36,37],"li",{},"A site proxied through a Cloudflare zone (or a Pages project, where Early Hints are on by default).",[35,39,40],{},"The critical resources for each template identified: main CSS, LCP image, critical font.",[35,42,43],{},"Field or lab data that shows a gap between navigation start and first byte (TTFB).",[27,45,47],{"id":46},"how-cloudflare-produces-early-hints","How Cloudflare Produces Early Hints",[14,49,50,51,55,56,59,60,63,64,67],{},"Early Hints need the resources to be known before the final response is ready. Cloudflare solves this by remembering them: when a response for a URL includes ",[52,53,54],"code",{},"Link"," headers with ",[52,57,58],{},"rel=preload"," or ",[52,61,62],{},"rel=preconnect",", Cloudflare caches those headers; on a later request for the same URL, it immediately sends a ",[52,65,66],{},"103"," with them, then fetches or serves the final response. The HTML itself does not need to be cached for this to work, which is what makes it useful on cache misses.",[14,69,70,71,73,74,77,78,81,82,84],{},"For Pages projects, Cloudflare also generates ",[52,72,54],{}," headers automatically from ",[52,75,76],{},"\u003Clink rel=\"preload\">"," and ",[52,79,80],{},"\u003Clink rel=\"preconnect\">"," elements in the HTML. For a zone in front of another origin, the origin (or a Transform Rule) must send the ",[52,83,54],{}," headers.",[86,87,88,246],"figure",{},[89,90,97,98,97,102,97,106,97,113,97,231],"svg",{"viewBox":91,"role":92,"ariaLabelledBy":93,"xmlns":96},"0 0 760 345","img",[94,95],"eh-seq-title","eh-seq-desc","http:\u002F\u002Fwww.w3.org\u002F2000\u002Fsvg","\n  ",[99,100,101],"title",{"id":94},"Request sequence for an HTML cache miss with 103 Early Hints",[103,104,105],"desc",{"id":95},"The browser requests a docs page. The Cloudflare edge immediately sends a 103 with Link headers for the stylesheet, the font and the hero image, and the browser starts fetching them from the edge cache. Meanwhile the edge fetches the HTML from the S3 origin, which takes about 240 milliseconds for a distant reader. When the 200 HTML response arrives, the stylesheet and font are already downloaded.",[107,108],"rect",{"x":109,"y":109,"width":110,"height":111,"fill":112},"0","760","345","#ffffff",[114,115,117,118,117,128,117,133,117,139,117,146,117,150,117,153,117,156,117,159,117,162,117,166,117,169,117,172,117,180,117,186,117,191,117,194,117,197,117,201,117,204,117,210,117,214,117,218,117,223,117,227,97],"g",{"style":116},"font-family:system-ui, sans-serif;font-size:12px","\n    ",[107,119],{"x":120,"y":121,"width":122,"height":123,"rx":124,"fill":125,"stroke":126,"style":127},"55.0","56.0","170.0","57.2","8","#f8fafc","#d9e2ef","stroke-width:1.5px",[107,129],{"x":130,"y":121,"width":122,"height":123,"rx":124,"fill":131,"opacity":132,"stroke":131,"style":127},"295.0","#6a4c93","0.14",[107,134],{"x":135,"y":121,"width":122,"height":123,"rx":124,"fill":136,"opacity":137,"stroke":138,"style":127},"535.0","#ffca3a","0.24","#a97b00",[140,141],"path",{"d":142,"fill":143,"stroke":144,"style":145},"M144.0 148.1 L374.0 148.1","none","#556071","stroke-width:1.8px;marker-end:url(#eh-seq-arrow)",[140,147],{"d":148,"fill":143,"stroke":144,"style":149},"M376.0 181.1 L146.0 181.1","stroke-width:1.8px;stroke-dasharray:5 4;marker-end:url(#eh-seq-arrow)",[140,151],{"d":152,"fill":143,"stroke":144,"style":145},"M144.0 214.0 L374.0 214.0",[140,154],{"d":155,"fill":143,"stroke":144,"style":145},"M384.0 247.0 L614.0 247.0",[140,157],{"d":158,"fill":143,"stroke":144,"style":149},"M616.0 279.9 L386.0 279.9",[140,160],{"d":161,"fill":143,"stroke":144,"style":149},"M376.0 312.9 L146.0 312.9",[140,163],{"d":164,"fill":143,"stroke":126,"style":165},"M140.0 115.2 L140.0 328.9","stroke-width:1.5px;stroke-dasharray:4 4",[140,167],{"d":168,"fill":143,"stroke":126,"style":165},"M380.0 115.2 L380.0 328.9",[140,170],{"d":171,"fill":143,"stroke":126,"style":165},"M620.0 115.2 L620.0 328.9",[173,174,179],"text",{"x":175,"y":176,"fill":177,"style":178},"380.0","30.0","#1f2937","font-size:16px;text-anchor:middle;font-weight:700","A cache miss with and without Early Hints",[173,181,185],{"x":182,"y":183,"fill":177,"style":184},"140.0","82.4","font-size:13px;text-anchor:middle;font-weight:700","Browser",[173,187,190],{"x":182,"y":188,"fill":144,"style":189},"99.3","font-size:11px;text-anchor:middle","reader in Tokyo",[173,192,193],{"x":175,"y":183,"fill":177,"style":184},"Cloudflare edge",[173,195,196],{"x":175,"y":188,"fill":144,"style":189},"NRT",[173,198,200],{"x":199,"y":183,"fill":177,"style":184},"620.0","Origin",[173,202,203],{"x":199,"y":188,"fill":144,"style":189},"S3 Frankfurt",[173,205,209],{"x":206,"y":207,"fill":177,"style":208},"260.0","140.1","font-size:11.5px;text-anchor:middle","GET \u002Fdocs\u002Fguide\u002Fproxy\u002F",[173,211,213],{"x":206,"y":212,"fill":144,"style":208},"173.1","103 Link: css, font, hero (~5 ms)",[173,215,217],{"x":206,"y":216,"fill":177,"style":208},"206.0","fetch hinted assets from edge cache",[173,219,222],{"x":220,"y":221,"fill":177,"style":208},"500.0","239.0","fetch HTML (cache miss)",[173,224,226],{"x":220,"y":225,"fill":144,"style":208},"271.9","200 HTML (~240 ms)",[173,228,230],{"x":206,"y":229,"fill":144,"style":208},"304.9","200 HTML, assets already loaded",[232,233,117,234,97],"defs",{},[235,236,242,243,117],"marker",{"id":237,"viewBox":238,"refX":124,"refY":239,"markerWidth":240,"markerHeight":240,"orient":241},"eh-seq-arrow","0 0 10 10","5","7","auto-start-reverse","\n      ",[140,244],{"d":245,"fill":144},"M0 0 L10 5 L0 10 z",[247,248,249],"figcaption",{},"The hinted resources are hashed assets already cached at the edge, so they arrive during the origin wait.",[27,251,253],{"id":252},"step-1-send-link-headers-from-the-origin","Step 1: Send Link Headers From the Origin",[14,255,256,257,259],{},"The site's HTML lives in S3, which cannot vary headers per page on its own. Two options: set ",[52,258,54],{}," as S3 object metadata during upload (per page, from the build), or add them with a Cloudflare Transform Rule (per template, by path). The build already knew each page's critical resources, so it wrote them as metadata at upload time:",[261,262,267],"pre",{"className":263,"code":264,"language":265,"meta":266,"style":266},"language-bash shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark","# during deploy, per HTML file (generated from the build manifest)\naws s3 cp dist\u002Fdocs\u002Fguide\u002Fproxy\u002Findex.html s3:\u002F\u002Fdocs-bucket\u002Fdocs\u002Fguide\u002Fproxy\u002Findex.html \\\n  --content-type 'text\u002Fhtml; charset=utf-8' \\\n  --metadata-directive REPLACE \\\n  --cache-control 'public, max-age=0, s-maxage=300, stale-while-revalidate=86400' \\\n  --metadata 'link=\u003C\u002F_astro\u002Fbase.Df3k2a.css>; rel=preload; as=style, \u003C\u002Ffonts\u002Finter-400-700.woff2>; rel=preload; as=font; type=\"font\u002Fwoff2\"; crossorigin'\n","bash","",[52,268,269,278,302,313,324,335],{"__ignoreMap":266},[270,271,274],"span",{"class":272,"line":273},"line",1,[270,275,277],{"class":276},"sJ8bj","# during deploy, per HTML file (generated from the build manifest)\n",[270,279,281,285,289,292,295,298],{"class":272,"line":280},2,[270,282,284],{"class":283},"sScJk","aws",[270,286,288],{"class":287},"sZZnC"," s3",[270,290,291],{"class":287}," cp",[270,293,294],{"class":287}," dist\u002Fdocs\u002Fguide\u002Fproxy\u002Findex.html",[270,296,297],{"class":287}," s3:\u002F\u002Fdocs-bucket\u002Fdocs\u002Fguide\u002Fproxy\u002Findex.html",[270,299,301],{"class":300},"sj4cs"," \\\n",[270,303,305,308,311],{"class":272,"line":304},3,[270,306,307],{"class":300},"  --content-type",[270,309,310],{"class":287}," 'text\u002Fhtml; charset=utf-8'",[270,312,301],{"class":300},[270,314,316,319,322],{"class":272,"line":315},4,[270,317,318],{"class":300},"  --metadata-directive",[270,320,321],{"class":287}," REPLACE",[270,323,301],{"class":300},[270,325,327,330,333],{"class":272,"line":326},5,[270,328,329],{"class":300},"  --cache-control",[270,331,332],{"class":287}," 'public, max-age=0, s-maxage=300, stale-while-revalidate=86400'",[270,334,301],{"class":300},[270,336,338,341],{"class":272,"line":337},6,[270,339,340],{"class":300},"  --metadata",[270,342,343],{"class":287}," 'link=\u003C\u002F_astro\u002Fbase.Df3k2a.css>; rel=preload; as=style, \u003C\u002Ffonts\u002Finter-400-700.woff2>; rel=preload; as=font; type=\"font\u002Fwoff2\"; crossorigin'\n",[14,345,346,347,350,351,353,354,356],{},"S3 returns user metadata as ",[52,348,349],{},"x-amz-meta-link",", so a Cloudflare Transform Rule renames it to ",[52,352,54],{}," on the response. A simpler alternative for sites where every page shares the same critical CSS and font is a single Transform Rule that sets a static ",[52,355,54],{}," header for all HTML paths.",[27,358,360],{"id":359},"step-2-enable-early-hints-and-verify","Step 2: Enable Early Hints and Verify",[14,362,363,364,367,368,371],{},"Enable Early Hints in the zone's Speed → Optimization settings (or ",[52,365,366],{},"early_hints: on"," via the API). Then verify with ",[52,369,370],{},"curl",", which prints informational responses:",[261,373,375],{"className":263,"code":374,"language":265,"meta":266,"style":266},"curl -sI --http2 https:\u002F\u002Fdocs.example.com\u002Fdocs\u002Fguide\u002Fproxy\u002F | sed -n '1,6p'\n# HTTP\u002F2 103\n# link: \u003C\u002F_astro\u002Fbase.Df3k2a.css>; rel=preload; as=style\n# link: \u003C\u002Ffonts\u002Finter-400-700.woff2>; rel=preload; as=font; type=\"font\u002Fwoff2\"; crossorigin\n#\n# HTTP\u002F2 200\n",[52,376,377,403,408,413,418,423],{"__ignoreMap":266},[270,378,379,381,384,387,390,394,397,400],{"class":272,"line":273},[270,380,370],{"class":283},[270,382,383],{"class":300}," -sI",[270,385,386],{"class":300}," --http2",[270,388,389],{"class":287}," https:\u002F\u002Fdocs.example.com\u002Fdocs\u002Fguide\u002Fproxy\u002F",[270,391,393],{"class":392},"szBVR"," |",[270,395,396],{"class":283}," sed",[270,398,399],{"class":300}," -n",[270,401,402],{"class":287}," '1,6p'\n",[270,404,405],{"class":272,"line":280},[270,406,407],{"class":276},"# HTTP\u002F2 103\n",[270,409,410],{"class":272,"line":304},[270,411,412],{"class":276},"# link: \u003C\u002F_astro\u002Fbase.Df3k2a.css>; rel=preload; as=style\n",[270,414,415],{"class":272,"line":315},[270,416,417],{"class":276},"# link: \u003C\u002Ffonts\u002Finter-400-700.woff2>; rel=preload; as=font; type=\"font\u002Fwoff2\"; crossorigin\n",[270,419,420],{"class":272,"line":326},[270,421,422],{"class":276},"#\n",[270,424,425],{"class":272,"line":337},[270,426,427],{"class":276},"# HTTP\u002F2 200\n",[14,429,430,431,433],{},"The first request after enabling returns only the 200 — Cloudflare has to see the ",[52,432,54],{}," header once before it can replay it. In Chrome DevTools, resources fetched because of an Early Hint show \"early-hints\" in the Initiator column. Chrome and Edge support Early Hints for navigations over HTTP\u002F2 and HTTP\u002F3; Firefox added support in version 120; Safari supports preconnect hints from 103 but not preloads at the time of writing.",[27,435,437],{"id":436},"step-3-choose-what-to-hint","Step 3: Choose What to Hint",[14,439,440],{},"Hints compete with each other and with the HTML for bandwidth. The site hints at most three resources per page:",[32,442,443,450,456],{},[35,444,445,449],{},[446,447,448],"strong",{},"The main stylesheet"," — render-blocking, so it directly delays first paint.",[35,451,452,455],{},[446,453,454],{},"The body font"," — often the next thing that blocks text rendering.",[35,457,458,461,462,465],{},[446,459,460],{},"The LCP image"," — only on templates where the LCP element is an image (landing pages), with ",[52,463,464],{},"fetchpriority=high"," in the hint.",[14,467,468,469,25],{},"Hinting all fonts, all scripts and several images was tested and made LCP worse on slow connections: the extra downloads competed with the HTML and with the LCP image. The same restraint applies to regular preloads, as in ",[21,470,472],{"href":471},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fresource-hints-and-navigation-speed\u002Fauditing-unused-preloads\u002F","Auditing Unused Preloads",[86,474,475,603],{},[89,476,97,481,97,484,97,487,97,490],{"viewBox":477,"role":92,"ariaLabelledBy":478,"xmlns":96},"0 0 760 270",[479,480],"eh-what-title","eh-what-desc",[99,482,483],{"id":479},"Resources to include in and exclude from Early Hints",[103,485,486],{"id":480},"A matrix of resource types. The render-blocking stylesheet should be hinted, as it delays first paint. The body text font should be hinted. The LCP image should be hinted only on image-LCP templates, with high priority. JavaScript modules for islands should not be hinted because they are not needed for first paint. Below-the-fold images and secondary fonts should not be hinted because they compete with critical resources.",[107,488],{"x":109,"y":109,"width":110,"height":489,"fill":112},"270",[114,491,117,492,117,495,117,505,117,508,117,511,117,514,117,517,117,520,117,526,117,529,117,532,117,535,117,538,117,543,117,548,117,552,117,556,117,560,117,563,117,566,117,569,117,572,117,576,117,580,117,582,117,586,117,590,117,593,117,597,117,600,97],{"style":116},[140,493],{"d":494,"fill":143,"stroke":144,"style":127},"M20.0 86.0 L740.0 86.0",[107,496],{"x":497,"y":498,"width":499,"height":500,"rx":239,"fill":501,"opacity":502,"stroke":503,"style":504},"214.0","90.0","257.0","25.6","#8ac926","0.2","#5a8a16","stroke-width:1px",[140,506],{"d":507,"fill":143,"stroke":126,"style":504},"M20.0 119.6 L740.0 119.6",[107,509],{"x":497,"y":510,"width":499,"height":500,"rx":239,"fill":501,"opacity":502,"stroke":503,"style":504},"123.6",[140,512],{"d":513,"fill":143,"stroke":126,"style":504},"M20.0 153.2 L740.0 153.2",[107,515],{"x":497,"y":516,"width":499,"height":500,"rx":239,"fill":136,"opacity":137,"stroke":138,"style":504},"157.2",[140,518],{"d":519,"fill":143,"stroke":126,"style":504},"M20.0 186.8 L740.0 186.8",[107,521],{"x":497,"y":522,"width":499,"height":500,"rx":239,"fill":523,"opacity":524,"stroke":525,"style":504},"190.8","#ff595e","0.12","#d83b41",[140,527],{"d":528,"fill":143,"stroke":126,"style":504},"M20.0 220.4 L740.0 220.4",[107,530],{"x":497,"y":531,"width":499,"height":500,"rx":239,"fill":523,"opacity":524,"stroke":525,"style":504},"224.4",[140,533],{"d":534,"fill":143,"stroke":126,"style":504},"M20.0 254.0 L740.0 254.0",[173,536,537],{"x":175,"y":176,"fill":177,"style":178},"What to hint and what not to",[173,539,542],{"x":176,"y":540,"fill":177,"style":541},"75.2","font-size:12px;text-anchor:start;font-weight:700","Resource",[173,544,547],{"x":545,"y":540,"fill":177,"style":546},"342.5","font-size:12px;text-anchor:middle;font-weight:700","Hint?",[173,549,551],{"x":550,"y":540,"fill":177,"style":546},"607.5","Why",[173,553,555],{"x":176,"y":554,"fill":177,"style":541},"106.4","Main stylesheet",[173,557,559],{"x":545,"y":558,"fill":177,"style":208},"106.2","yes",[173,561,562],{"x":550,"y":558,"fill":177,"style":208},"blocks first paint",[173,564,565],{"x":176,"y":182,"fill":177,"style":541},"Body font",[173,567,559],{"x":545,"y":568,"fill":177,"style":208},"139.8",[173,570,571],{"x":550,"y":568,"fill":177,"style":208},"blocks text rendering",[173,573,575],{"x":176,"y":574,"fill":177,"style":541},"173.6","LCP image",[173,577,579],{"x":545,"y":578,"fill":177,"style":208},"173.4","image-LCP templates only",[173,581,464],{"x":550,"y":578,"fill":177,"style":208},[173,583,585],{"x":176,"y":584,"fill":177,"style":541},"207.2","Island JS modules",[173,587,589],{"x":545,"y":588,"fill":177,"style":208},"207.0","no",[173,591,592],{"x":550,"y":588,"fill":177,"style":208},"not needed for first paint",[173,594,596],{"x":176,"y":595,"fill":177,"style":541},"240.8","Other images and fonts",[173,598,589],{"x":545,"y":599,"fill":177,"style":208},"240.6",[173,601,602],{"x":550,"y":599,"fill":177,"style":208},"compete with critical ones",[247,604,605],{},"Three hints at most; everything else waits for the HTML as usual.",[27,607,609],{"id":608},"preconnect-hints-for-third-party-origins","Preconnect Hints for Third-Party Origins",[14,611,612,613,615,616,619],{},"Early Hints can carry ",[52,614,62],{}," as well as preloads, and for pages that must fetch from a third-party origin early — a font service, an image CDN on another hostname, an API the first interaction calls — a preconnect hint in the 103 lets the browser complete DNS, TCP and TLS for that origin during the idle time. The documentation site had one such origin, its image CDN on a separate hostname for screenshots. Adding ",[52,617,618],{},"Link: \u003Chttps:\u002F\u002Fimg.example.net>; rel=preconnect"," to the hints cut the connection setup for the first screenshot by about 110 ms on cache-miss navigations. Safari, which ignores preloads in 103 responses, honours preconnects, so this was also the one Early Hints benefit Safari readers received. As with preloads, keep preconnects to the one or two origins the page genuinely needs early; each open connection has a cost on constrained devices.",[27,621,623],{"id":622},"when-early-hints-help-and-when-they-do-not","When Early Hints Help and When They Do Not",[14,625,626],{},"Early Hints fill idle time before the HTML. They help in proportion to that idle time:",[628,629,630,646],"table",{},[631,632,633],"thead",{},[634,635,636,640,643],"tr",{},[637,638,639],"th",{},"Scenario",[637,641,642],{},"Idle time before HTML",[637,644,645],{},"LCP change with hints",[647,648,649,661,672,683],"tbody",{},[634,650,651,655,658],{},[652,653,654],"td",{},"HTML edge cache hit, reader near edge",[652,656,657],{},"~5 ms",[652,659,660],{},"none measurable",[634,662,663,666,669],{},[652,664,665],{},"HTML edge cache miss, origin in same region",[652,667,668],{},"~40 ms",[652,670,671],{},"−30 ms",[634,673,674,677,680],{},[652,675,676],{},"HTML edge cache miss, origin far away",[652,678,679],{},"~240 ms",[652,681,682],{},"−170 ms",[634,684,685,688,691],{},[652,686,687],{},"HTML through an edge function (auth check)",[652,689,690],{},"~90 ms",[652,692,693],{},"−70 ms",[14,695,696,697,701],{},"Once HTML caching at the edge was improved, as described in ",[21,698,700],{"href":699},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Flargest-contentful-paint-optimization-for-static-sites\u002Fimproving-ttfb-for-static-html\u002F","Improving TTFB for Static HTML",", about 95% of navigations were edge hits and saw no benefit. Early Hints are therefore a complement to edge caching, not a substitute: they make the remaining misses less painful.",[27,703,705],{"id":704},"measured-impact","Measured Impact",[14,707,708,709,712],{},"Two weeks of field data with Early Hints off and on, split by HTML cache status (recorded via a ",[52,710,711],{},"Server-Timing"," header):",[628,714,715,728],{},[631,716,717],{},[634,718,719,722,725],{},[637,720,721],{},"Measure",[637,723,724],{},"Hints off",[637,726,727],{},"Hints on",[647,729,730,741,752,763,774],{},[634,731,732,735,738],{},[652,733,734],{},"LCP p75, HTML cache misses (5% of views)",[652,736,737],{},"2.9 s",[652,739,740],{},"2.7 s",[634,742,743,746,749],{},[652,744,745],{},"LCP p75, HTML cache hits (95% of views)",[652,747,748],{},"1.52 s",[652,750,751],{},"1.51 s",[634,753,754,757,760],{},[652,755,756],{},"FCP p75, cache misses",[652,758,759],{},"1.9 s",[652,761,762],{},"1.6 s",[634,764,765,768,771],{},[652,766,767],{},"Share of navigations receiving a 103",[652,769,770],{},"—",[652,772,773],{},"81% (Chromium + Firefox)",[634,775,776,779,781],{},[652,777,778],{},"Wasted hinted bytes (resource not used)",[652,780,770],{},[652,782,783],{},"0 (only critical resources hinted)",[86,785,786,874],{},[89,787,97,792,97,795,97,798,97,801],{"viewBox":788,"role":92,"ariaLabelledBy":789,"xmlns":96},"0 0 760 196",[790,791],"eh-imp-title","eh-imp-desc",[99,793,794],{"id":790},"Effect of Early Hints on LCP for cache hits and misses",[103,796,797],{"id":791},"Paired bars. For HTML cache misses, LCP at the 75th percentile fell from 2.9 seconds to 2.7 seconds with Early Hints. For HTML cache hits, it stayed at about 1.5 seconds either way, because there was almost no idle time before the HTML.",[107,799],{"x":109,"y":109,"width":110,"height":800,"fill":112},"196",[114,802,117,803,117,811,117,815,117,822,117,826,117,830,117,834,117,837,117,840,117,845,117,848,117,853,117,858,117,863,117,866,117,870,97],{"style":116},[107,804],{"x":805,"y":806,"width":807,"height":808,"rx":809,"fill":136,"opacity":810,"stroke":138,"style":504},"292.9","50.0","14.0","12.0","2","0.45",[107,812],{"x":813,"y":806,"width":807,"height":808,"rx":809,"fill":501,"opacity":814,"stroke":503,"style":504},"398.4","0.4",[107,816],{"x":817,"y":818,"width":819,"height":820,"rx":821,"fill":136,"opacity":810,"stroke":138,"style":504},"230.0","82.0","457.2","16.0","3",[107,823],{"x":817,"y":824,"width":825,"height":820,"rx":821,"fill":501,"opacity":814,"stroke":503,"style":504},"102.0","425.7",[107,827],{"x":817,"y":828,"width":829,"height":820,"rx":821,"fill":136,"opacity":810,"stroke":138,"style":504},"134.0","239.7",[107,831],{"x":817,"y":832,"width":833,"height":820,"rx":821,"fill":501,"opacity":814,"stroke":503,"style":504},"154.0","238.1",[140,835],{"d":836,"fill":143,"stroke":144,"style":127},"M230.0 78.0 L230.0 176.0",[173,838,839],{"x":175,"y":176,"fill":177,"style":178},"LCP p75 by cache status, hints off and on",[173,841,724],{"x":842,"y":843,"fill":144,"style":844},"312.9","60.0","font-size:12px;text-anchor:start",[173,846,727],{"x":847,"y":843,"fill":144,"style":844},"418.4",[173,849,852],{"x":850,"y":851,"fill":177,"style":844},"20.0","105.2","HTML cache miss",[173,854,737],{"x":855,"y":856,"fill":177,"style":857},"694.2","94.5","font-size:11.5px;text-anchor:start;font-weight:700",[173,859,740],{"x":860,"y":861,"fill":862,"style":857},"662.7","114.5","#3f6410",[173,864,865],{"x":850,"y":516,"fill":177,"style":844},"HTML cache hit",[173,867,748],{"x":868,"y":869,"fill":177,"style":857},"476.7","146.5",[173,871,751],{"x":872,"y":873,"fill":862,"style":857},"475.1","166.5",[247,875,876],{},"Field data from web-vitals RUM, cache status from a Server-Timing header, two weeks per variant.",[27,878,880],{"id":879},"pitfalls-rollback","Pitfalls & Rollback",[32,882,883,889,895,904,914],{},[35,884,885,888],{},[446,886,887],{},"Expecting gains on cached HTML."," There is no idle time to fill; fix edge caching first.",[35,890,891,894],{},[446,892,893],{},"Hinting too many resources."," Extra downloads compete with the HTML and the LCP image.",[35,896,897,900,901,903],{},[446,898,899],{},"Hints for resources the page no longer uses."," Stale ",[52,902,54],{}," metadata after a redesign wastes bandwidth; generate hints from the build.",[35,905,906,913],{},[446,907,908,909,912],{},"Missing ",[52,910,911],{},"crossorigin"," on font hints."," The hinted font is fetched twice.",[35,915,916,919,920,922],{},[446,917,918],{},"Rollback:"," disable Early Hints in the zone settings; the ",[52,921,54],{}," headers can stay, since they also act as normal preload headers on the final response.",[27,924,926],{"id":925},"conclusion","Conclusion",[14,928,929,930,932],{},"Early Hints let a CDN put the time before the HTML to work, starting downloads of the stylesheet, a font and the LCP image while the page is still on its way. On Cloudflare they are replayed from ",[52,931,54],{}," headers the site already sends. On a static site whose HTML is almost always cached at the edge, they change little; on the navigations that miss the cache or pass through an edge function, they cut hundreds of milliseconds of idle time. Hint only the critical few resources, generate the headers from the build, and treat them as a complement to good edge caching.",[27,934,936],{"id":935},"faq","FAQ",[938,939,941],"h3",{"id":940},"what-is-a-103-early-hints-response","What is a 103 Early Hints response?",[14,943,944],{},"An informational HTTP response sent before the final response, carrying Link headers for resources the page will need. Browsers that support it start preloading or preconnecting to those resources while the server or CDN is still preparing the final HTML.",[938,946,948],{"id":947},"do-static-sites-benefit-from-early-hints","Do static sites benefit from Early Hints?",[14,950,951],{},"Mostly when the HTML is not served instantly, such as on edge cache misses, when HTML is fetched from a distant origin, or when an edge function runs before responding. When HTML comes straight from the edge cache in a few milliseconds, there is little idle time for hints to fill.",[938,953,955],{"id":954},"how-does-cloudflare-generate-early-hints","How does Cloudflare generate Early Hints?",[14,957,958],{},"When Early Hints is enabled for a zone, Cloudflare caches Link headers with preload or preconnect from responses and sends them as a 103 on later requests for the same URL, before fetching or serving the final response. Pages projects also generate Link headers automatically from preload elements in the HTML.",[938,960,962],{"id":961},"which-resources-should-be-hinted","Which resources should be hinted?",[14,964,965],{},"Only a few critical ones: the main stylesheet, the LCP image, and critical fonts, plus preconnect for any required third-party origin. Hinting many resources competes with the HTML itself and with each other.",[27,967,969],{"id":968},"related","Related",[32,971,972,981,988,995,1002],{},[35,973,974,977,978,980],{},[446,975,976],{},"Parent:"," ",[21,979,24],{"href":23}," — all resource hints.",[35,982,983,987],{},[21,984,986],{"href":985},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fresource-hints-and-navigation-speed\u002Fpreconnect-vs-dns-prefetch-on-static-sites\u002F","Preconnect vs DNS-Prefetch on Static Sites"," — connection hints.",[35,989,990,994],{},[21,991,993],{"href":992},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fresource-hints-and-navigation-speed\u002Ffetchpriority-beyond-the-hero-image\u002F","Fetchpriority Beyond the Hero Image"," — priority once resources are known.",[35,996,997,1001],{},[21,998,1000],{"href":999},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Ffont-loading-strategies-for-static-sites\u002Fpreloading-fonts-without-double-downloads\u002F","Preloading Fonts Without Double Downloads"," — the crossorigin detail.",[35,1003,1004,1008],{},[21,1005,1007],{"href":1006},"\u002Fproduction-ready-deployment-cicd-workflows\u002Fcloudflare-pages-edge-caching-setup\u002Fcloudflare-pages-functions-middleware\u002F","Cloudflare Pages Functions Middleware"," — edge code that creates idle time.",[1010,1011,1012],"style",{},"html pre.shiki code .sJ8bj, html code.shiki .sJ8bj{--shiki-default:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D}html pre.shiki code .sScJk, html code.shiki .sScJk{--shiki-default:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0}html pre.shiki code .sZZnC, html code.shiki .sZZnC{--shiki-default:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF}html pre.shiki code .sj4cs, html code.shiki .sj4cs{--shiki-default:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF}html .default .shiki span 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Astro",{"path":1443,"title":1444},"\u002Fchoosing-the-right-static-site-generator-for-production\u002Ftechnical-seo-for-static-sites\u002Fgenerating-sitemaps-for-large-static-sites","Generating Sitemaps for Large Static Sites",{"path":1446,"title":1447},"\u002Fchoosing-the-right-static-site-generator-for-production\u002Ftechnical-seo-for-static-sites","Technical SEO for Static Sites",{"path":1449,"title":1450},"\u002Fchoosing-the-right-static-site-generator-for-production\u002Ftechnical-seo-for-static-sites\u002Frobots-txt-and-noindex-for-preview-and-staging","robots.txt and noindex for Preview and Staging",{"path":1452,"title":1453},"\u002Fchoosing-the-right-static-site-generator-for-production\u002Ftechnical-seo-for-static-sites\u002Frss-and-atom-feeds-for-static-blogs","RSS and Atom Feeds for Static Blogs",{"path":1455,"title":1456},"\u002Fchoosing-the-right-static-site-generator-for-production\u002Ftechnical-seo-for-static-sites\u002Fseo-safe-pagination-and-tag-pages","SEO-Safe 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Sites",{"path":1470,"title":1471},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcdn-caching-rules-for-ssgs\u002Fcache-keys-and-query-strings-on-cdns","Cache Keys and Query Strings on CDNs",{"path":1473,"title":1474},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcdn-caching-rules-for-ssgs\u002Fcaching-404s-and-redirects-at-the-edge","Caching 404s and Redirects at the Edge",{"path":1476,"title":1477},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcdn-caching-rules-for-ssgs\u002Fcloudflare-vs-cloudfront-cache-hit-ratios-for-static-sites","Cloudflare vs CloudFront Cache Hit Ratios for Static Sites",{"path":1479,"title":1480},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcdn-caching-rules-for-ssgs\u002Ffixing-stale-html-after-deploys-on-cloudflare","Fixing Stale HTML After Deploys on Cloudflare",{"path":1482,"title":1483},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcdn-caching-rules-for-ssgs","CDN Caching Rules for SSGs",{"path":1485,"title":1486},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcdn-caching-rules-for-ssgs\u002Fpurging-the-cdn-cache-after-a-static-deploy","Purging the CDN Cache After a Static Deploy",{"path":1488,"title":1489},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcdn-caching-rules-for-ssgs\u002Fsetting-cache-control-headers-on-cloudflare-pages","Cache-Control Headers on Cloudflare Pages",{"path":1491,"title":1492},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcdn-caching-rules-for-ssgs\u002Fsetting-up-proper-cache-headers-on-netlify","Proper Cache Headers on Netlify for SSGs",{"path":1494,"title":1495},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcdn-caching-rules-for-ssgs\u002Fstale-while-revalidate-for-static-html","Stale-While-Revalidate for Static HTML",{"path":1497,"title":1498},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcdn-caching-rules-for-ssgs\u002Ftiered-caching-and-origin-shield","Tiered Caching and Origin Shield",{"path":1500,"title":1501},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcss-and-javascript-asset-optimization\u002Fcode-splitting-and-module-preload-in-vite-based-ssgs","Code Splitting and Module Preload in Vite-Based SSGs",{"path":1503,"title":1504},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcss-and-javascript-asset-optimization\u002Ffixing-missing-tailwind-classes-in-production-builds","Fixing Missing Tailwind Classes in Production Builds",{"path":1506,"title":1507},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcss-and-javascript-asset-optimization\u002Ffixing-unused-javascript-warnings-on-static-pages","Fixing Unused JavaScript Warnings on Static Pages",{"path":1509,"title":1510},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcss-and-javascript-asset-optimization","CSS and JavaScript Asset Optimization",{"path":1512,"title":1513},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcss-and-javascript-asset-optimization\u002Finlining-critical-css-on-static-sites","Inlining Critical CSS on Static Sites",{"path":1515,"title":1516},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcss-and-javascript-asset-optimization\u002Fkeeping-tailwind-css-output-small-on-static-sites","Keeping Tailwind CSS Output Small on Static Sites",{"path":1518,"title":1519},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcss-and-javascript-asset-optimization\u002Fminifying-html-css-and-js-in-eleventy","Minifying HTML, CSS and JS in Eleventy",{"path":1521,"title":1522},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcss-and-javascript-asset-optimization\u002Fprecompressing-assets-with-brotli-and-zstd","Precompressing Assets with Brotli and Zstd",{"path":1524,"title":1525},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcss-and-javascript-asset-optimization\u002Fpurging-unused-css-with-tailwind-and-lightningcss","Purging Unused CSS with Tailwind and Lightning CSS",{"path":1527,"title":1528},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcss-and-javascript-asset-optimization\u002Fsvg-icon-sprites-vs-inline-icons","SVG Icon Sprites vs Inline Icons",{"path":1530,"title":1531},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcss-and-javascript-asset-optimization\u002Ftailwind-v4-in-astro-without-postcss-plugins","Tailwind v4 in Astro Without PostCSS Plugins",{"path":1533,"title":1534},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcumulative-layout-shift-fixes-for-static-sites\u002Fcls-from-client-side-rendered-components","CLS from Client-Side Rendered Components",{"path":1536,"title":1537},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcumulative-layout-shift-fixes-for-static-sites\u002Fdebugging-cls-with-the-layout-instability-api","Debugging CLS with the Layout Instability API",{"path":1539,"title":1540},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcumulative-layout-shift-fixes-for-static-sites\u002Feliminating-layout-shift-from-web-fonts","Eliminating Layout Shift From Web Fonts",{"path":1542,"title":1543},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcumulative-layout-shift-fixes-for-static-sites\u002Ffixing-cls-from-cookie-banners","Fixing CLS from Cookie Banners",{"path":1545,"title":1546},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcumulative-layout-shift-fixes-for-static-sites\u002Ffixing-cls-from-dynamic-table-of-contents-widgets","Fixing CLS From Dynamic Table of Contents Widgets",{"path":1548,"title":1549},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcumulative-layout-shift-fixes-for-static-sites\u002Ffixing-cls-from-images-without-dimensions-in-markdown","Fixing CLS From Images Without Dimensions in Markdown",{"path":1551,"title":1552},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcumulative-layout-shift-fixes-for-static-sites\u002Ffixing-cls-from-late-loading-embeds","Fixing CLS From Late-Loading Embeds",{"path":1554,"title":1555},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcumulative-layout-shift-fixes-for-static-sites\u002Ffixing-cls-from-sticky-headers-and-anchor-links","Fixing CLS from Sticky Headers and Anchor Links",{"path":1557,"title":1558},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcumulative-layout-shift-fixes-for-static-sites","Cumulative Layout Shift Fixes for Static Sites",{"path":1560,"title":1561},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcumulative-layout-shift-fixes-for-static-sites\u002Fmeasuring-cls-in-the-field-with-web-vitals-js","Measuring CLS in the Field With web-vitals.js",{"path":1563,"title":1564},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcumulative-layout-shift-fixes-for-static-sites\u002Freserving-space-for-ad-and-promo-slots","Reserving Space for Ad and Promo Slots",{"path":1566,"title":1567},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcumulative-layout-shift-fixes-for-static-sites\u002Freserving-space-for-images-and-embeds-to-stop-layout-shift","Reserving Space for Images and Embeds",{"path":1569,"title":1570},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Ffont-loading-strategies-for-static-sites\u002Fauditing-font-payload-per-page","Auditing Font Payload per Page",{"path":1572,"title":1573},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Ffont-loading-strategies-for-static-sites\u002Ffixing-invisible-text-while-web-fonts-load","Fixing Invisible Text While Web Fonts Load",{"path":1575,"title":1576},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Ffont-loading-strategies-for-static-sites\u002Ffont-display-optional-vs-swap","font-display: optional vs swap",{"path":1578,"title":1579},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Ffont-loading-strategies-for-static-sites","Font Loading Strategies for Static Sites",{"path":1581,"title":1582},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Ffont-loading-strategies-for-static-sites\u002Fmetric-matched-fallback-fonts-with-size-adjust","Metric-Matched Fallback Fonts with size-adjust",{"path":1584,"title":1000},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Ffont-loading-strategies-for-static-sites\u002Fpreloading-fonts-without-double-downloads",{"path":1586,"title":1587},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Ffont-loading-strategies-for-static-sites\u002Fself-hosted-fonts-vs-google-fonts-for-static-sites","Self-Hosted Fonts vs Google Fonts for Static Sites",{"path":1589,"title":1590},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Ffont-loading-strategies-for-static-sites\u002Fself-hosting-google-fonts-to-eliminate-layout-shift","Self-Host Google Fonts to Eliminate Layout Shift",{"path":1592,"title":1593},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Ffont-loading-strategies-for-static-sites\u002Fsubsetting-variable-fonts-for-faster-first-render","Subsetting Variable Fonts for Faster First Render",{"path":1595,"title":1596},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Ffont-loading-strategies-for-static-sites\u002Fusing-system-font-stacks-to-skip-webfonts","Using System Font Stacks to Skip Web Fonts",{"path":1598,"title":1599},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Ffont-loading-strategies-for-static-sites\u002Fvariable-fonts-vs-static-weights","Variable Fonts vs Static Weights",{"path":1601,"title":1602},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fimage-optimization-pipelines-in-astro\u002Fart-direction-with-the-picture-element","Art Direction with the Picture Element",{"path":1604,"title":1605},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fimage-optimization-pipelines-in-astro\u002Fblur-up-placeholders-with-lqip","Blur-Up Placeholders with LQIP",{"path":1607,"title":1608},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fimage-optimization-pipelines-in-astro\u002Fbuilding-an-image-cdn-pipeline-for-static-sites","Building an Image CDN Pipeline for Static Sites",{"path":1610,"title":1611},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fimage-optimization-pipelines-in-astro\u002Fcaching-processed-images-between-builds","Caching Processed Images Between Builds",{"path":1613,"title":1614},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fimage-optimization-pipelines-in-astro\u002Ffixing-blurry-images-from-astro-assets-resizing","Fixing Blurry Images From astro:assets Resizing",{"path":1616,"title":1617},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fimage-optimization-pipelines-in-astro\u002Fgenerating-open-graph-images-at-build-time","Generating Open Graph Images at Build Time",{"path":1619,"title":1620},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fimage-optimization-pipelines-in-astro","Image Optimization Pipelines in Astro",{"path":1622,"title":1623},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fimage-optimization-pipelines-in-astro\u002Flazy-loading-images-without-hurting-lcp","Lazy-Loading Images Without Hurting LCP",{"path":1625,"title":1626},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fimage-optimization-pipelines-in-astro\u002Foptimizing-webp-images-in-hugo-without-plugins","Optimizing WebP Images in Hugo Without Plugins",{"path":1628,"title":1629},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fimage-optimization-pipelines-in-astro\u002Fresponsive-images-with-srcset-in-eleventy","Responsive Images with srcset in Eleventy",{"path":1631,"title":1632},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fimage-optimization-pipelines-in-astro\u002Fserving-astro-images-through-cloudflare-image-resizing","Serving Astro Images Through Cloudflare Image Resizing",{"path":1634,"title":1635},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fimage-optimization-pipelines-in-astro\u002Fserving-avif-with-fallbacks-on-static-sites","Serving AVIF With Fallbacks on Static Sites",{"path":1637,"title":1037},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs",{"path":1639,"title":1640},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fjavascript-hydration-partial-rendering\u002Fastro-islands-vs-full-hydration-performance","Astro Islands vs Full Hydration Performance",{"path":1642,"title":1643},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fjavascript-hydration-partial-rendering\u002Fbreaking-up-long-tasks-on-static-sites","Breaking Up Long Tasks on Static Sites",{"path":1645,"title":1646},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fjavascript-hydration-partial-rendering\u002Fdeferring-hydration-with-client-visible-in-astro","Deferring Hydration with client:visible in Astro",{"path":1648,"title":1649},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fjavascript-hydration-partial-rendering\u002Ffixing-hydration-mismatch-errors-in-astro-islands","Fixing Hydration Mismatch Errors in Astro Islands",{"path":1651,"title":1652},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fjavascript-hydration-partial-rendering\u002Ffixing-poor-inp-on-static-pages-with-heavy-widgets","Fixing Poor INP on Static Pages With Heavy Widgets",{"path":1654,"title":1655},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fjavascript-hydration-partial-rendering\u002Fhow-to-reduce-bundle-size-in-eleventy-builds","How to Reduce Bundle Size in Eleventy Builds",{"path":1657,"title":1658},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fjavascript-hydration-partial-rendering","JavaScript Hydration & Partial Rendering",{"path":1660,"title":1661},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fjavascript-hydration-partial-rendering\u002Fmeasuring-inp-on-static-sites-with-real-user-monitoring","Measuring INP on Static Sites with RUM",{"path":1663,"title":1664},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fjavascript-hydration-partial-rendering\u002Fpreact-vs-react-islands-bundle-size","Preact vs React Islands Bundle Size",{"path":1666,"title":1667},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fjavascript-hydration-partial-rendering\u002Freplacing-react-islands-with-web-components","Replacing React Islands with Web Components",{"path":1669,"title":1670},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fjavascript-hydration-partial-rendering\u002Fserver-islands-in-astro","Server Islands in Astro",{"path":1672,"title":1673},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Flargest-contentful-paint-optimization-for-static-sites\u002Feliminating-render-blocking-css-on-static-sites","Eliminating Render-Blocking CSS on Static Sites",{"path":1675,"title":1676},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Flargest-contentful-paint-optimization-for-static-sites\u002Ffixing-lcp-on-text-heavy-documentation-pages","Fixing LCP on Text-Heavy Documentation Pages",{"path":1678,"title":1679},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Flargest-contentful-paint-optimization-for-static-sites\u002Ffixing-lcp-regressions-caused-by-cookie-consent-tools","Fixing LCP Regressions Caused by Cookie Consent Tools",{"path":1681,"title":1682},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Flargest-contentful-paint-optimization-for-static-sites\u002Ffixing-lcp-when-the-hero-is-a-background-image","Fixing LCP When the Hero Is a Background Image",{"path":1684,"title":1685},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Flargest-contentful-paint-optimization-for-static-sites\u002Ffixing-slow-lcp-on-pages-with-embedded-video","Fixing Slow LCP on Pages With Embedded 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