[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":2494},["ShallowReactive",2],{"page:\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcss-and-javascript-asset-optimization\u002Finlining-critical-css-on-static-sites":3,"all-docs-nav":1343,"filed:\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcss-and-javascript-asset-optimization\u002Finlining-critical-css-on-static-sites":2485},{"id":4,"title":5,"body":6,"breadcrumb":1320,"dateModified":1329,"datePublished":1329,"description":1330,"extension":1331,"faq":1332,"meta":1337,"navigation":599,"path":1338,"seo":1339,"slug":12,"stem":1340,"type":1341,"__hash__":1342},"content\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcss-and-javascript-asset-optimization\u002Finlining-critical-css-on-static-sites\u002Findex.md","Inlining Critical CSS on Static Sites",{"type":7,"value":8,"toc":1302},"minimark",[9,13,22,31,36,57,61,64,67,145,296,300,311,500,518,536,540,543,725,743,865,869,876,887,891,894,1002,1094,1098,1101,1104,1173,1177,1217,1221,1224,1228,1233,1236,1240,1243,1247,1250,1254,1257,1261,1298],[10,11,5],"h1",{"id":12},"inlining-critical-css-on-static-sites",[14,15,16,17,21],"p",{},"A browser will not paint a page until it has downloaded and parsed every stylesheet linked in the ",[18,19,20],"code",{},"\u003Chead>",". On a repeat visit that stylesheet is cached and costs nothing. On a first visit over a mobile connection, it costs a full request — DNS is already done, but the round trip and transfer still add hundreds of milliseconds between the HTML arriving and anything appearing on screen. For static sites, whose HTML arrives quickly from the edge, that stylesheet is frequently the single largest delay before First Contentful Paint.",[14,23,24,25,30],{},"This guide removes that delay in the two ways that work: inline the whole stylesheet when it is small enough, or extract and inline only the critical rules while the full file loads without blocking. It measures both on an Eleventy documentation site and an Astro site, and covers the repeat-visit trade-off that is easy to ignore. It is part of ",[26,27,29],"a",{"href":28},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcss-and-javascript-asset-optimization\u002F","CSS and JavaScript Asset Optimization",".",[32,33,35],"h2",{"id":34},"prerequisites","Prerequisites",[37,38,39,43,50],"ul",{},[40,41,42],"li",{},"A built static site whose CSS you control (not injected by third-party widgets).",[40,44,45,46,30],{},"Lighthouse or WebPageTest to measure FCP and LCP on a throttled mobile profile, and field RUM for LCP and CLS, as in ",[26,47,49],{"href":48},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcumulative-layout-shift-fixes-for-static-sites\u002Fmeasuring-cls-in-the-field-with-web-vitals-js\u002F","Measuring CLS in the Field with web-vitals.js",[40,51,52,53,30],{},"Unused CSS removed first — extracting critical CSS from a bloated stylesheet is harder and less effective; see ",[26,54,56],{"href":55},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcss-and-javascript-asset-optimization\u002Fpurging-unused-css-with-tailwind-and-lightningcss\u002F","Purging Unused CSS with Tailwind and Lightning CSS",[32,58,60],{"id":59},"step-1-measure-the-blocking-cost","Step 1: Measure the Blocking Cost",[14,62,63],{},"Run Lighthouse on a representative page with the default mobile throttling and look at two things: the \"Eliminate render-blocking resources\" audit, which estimates the saving, and the gap in the network waterfall between the HTML response ending and the CSS response ending. On the Eleventy site, the HTML finished at 560 ms and the stylesheet at 1,170 ms, and FCP followed at 1.9 s after parsing and font work.",[14,65,66],{},"Then check the stylesheet's compressed size — it decides the strategy:",[68,69,74],"pre",{"className":70,"code":71,"language":72,"meta":73,"style":73},"language-bash shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark","brotli -c -q 11 dist\u002Fassets\u002Fsite.*.css | wc -c     # 11,240 bytes on the Eleventy site\nbrotli -c -q 11 dist\u002F_astro\u002F*.css | wc -c          # 9,310 bytes on the Astro site after purging\n","bash","",[18,75,76,118],{"__ignoreMap":73},[77,78,81,85,89,92,95,99,102,105,109,112,114],"span",{"class":79,"line":80},"line",1,[77,82,84],{"class":83},"sScJk","brotli",[77,86,88],{"class":87},"sj4cs"," -c",[77,90,91],{"class":87}," -q",[77,93,94],{"class":87}," 11",[77,96,98],{"class":97},"sZZnC"," dist\u002Fassets\u002Fsite.",[77,100,101],{"class":87},"*",[77,103,104],{"class":97},".css",[77,106,108],{"class":107},"szBVR"," |",[77,110,111],{"class":83}," wc",[77,113,88],{"class":87},[77,115,117],{"class":116},"sJ8bj","     # 11,240 bytes on the Eleventy site\n",[77,119,121,123,125,127,129,132,134,136,138,140,142],{"class":79,"line":120},2,[77,122,84],{"class":83},[77,124,88],{"class":87},[77,126,91],{"class":87},[77,128,94],{"class":87},[77,130,131],{"class":97}," dist\u002F_astro\u002F",[77,133,101],{"class":87},[77,135,104],{"class":97},[77,137,108],{"class":107},[77,139,111],{"class":83},[77,141,88],{"class":87},[77,143,144],{"class":116},"          # 9,310 bytes on the Astro site after purging\n",[146,147,148,292],"figure",{},[149,150,157,158,157,162,157,166,157,173,157,277],"svg",{"viewBox":151,"role":152,"ariaLabelledBy":153,"xmlns":156},"0 0 760 246","img",[154,155],"crit-dec-title","crit-dec-desc","http:\u002F\u002Fwww.w3.org\u002F2000\u002Fsvg","\n  ",[159,160,161],"title",{"id":154},"Choosing a critical CSS strategy by stylesheet size",[163,164,165],"desc",{"id":155},"The root question is the compressed stylesheet size. Under about 15 kilobytes, inline the whole stylesheet in every page. Between 15 and 60 kilobytes, inline extracted critical rules and load the full file without blocking. Above 60 kilobytes, first remove unused CSS, since extraction from a very large stylesheet tends to miss rules and inflates every page.",[167,168],"rect",{"x":169,"y":169,"width":170,"height":171,"fill":172},"0","760","246","#ffffff",[174,175,177,178,177,188,177,195,177,198,177,202,177,211,177,214,177,218,177,221,177,227,177,235,177,240,177,247,177,251,177,256,177,260,177,263,177,266,177,271,177,274,157],"g",{"style":176},"font-family:system-ui, sans-serif;font-size:12px","\n    ",[167,179],{"x":180,"y":181,"width":182,"height":183,"rx":184,"fill":185,"opacity":186,"stroke":185,"style":187},"250.0","60.0","260.0","50.0","8","#6a4c93","0.14","stroke-width:1.5px",[189,190],"path",{"d":191,"fill":192,"stroke":193,"style":194},"M380.0 111.0 L380.0 132.0","none","#556071","stroke-width:2px",[189,196],{"d":197,"fill":192,"stroke":193,"style":194},"M134.0 132.0 L626.0 132.0",[189,199],{"d":200,"fill":192,"stroke":193,"style":201},"M134.0 132.0 L134.0 150.0","stroke-width:2px;marker-end:url(#crit-dec-arrow)",[167,203],{"x":204,"y":205,"width":206,"height":207,"rx":184,"fill":208,"opacity":209,"stroke":210,"style":187},"20.0","154.0","228.0","75.5","#8ac926","0.2","#5a8a16",[189,212],{"d":213,"fill":192,"stroke":193,"style":201},"M380.0 132.0 L380.0 150.0",[167,215],{"x":216,"y":205,"width":206,"height":207,"rx":184,"fill":217,"opacity":186,"stroke":217,"style":187},"266.0","#1982c4",[189,219],{"d":220,"fill":192,"stroke":193,"style":201},"M626.0 132.0 L626.0 150.0",[167,222],{"x":223,"y":205,"width":206,"height":207,"rx":184,"fill":224,"opacity":225,"stroke":226,"style":187},"512.0","#ff595e","0.12","#d83b41",[228,229,234],"text",{"x":230,"y":231,"fill":232,"style":233},"380.0","30.0","#1f2937","font-size:16px;text-anchor:middle;font-weight:700","Inline everything, inline critical, or leave it external?",[228,236,239],{"x":230,"y":237,"fill":232,"style":238},"90.2","font-size:13px;text-anchor:middle;font-weight:700","Compressed stylesheet size?",[228,241,246],{"x":242,"y":243,"fill":244,"style":245},"134.0","170.0","#3f6410","font-size:11px;text-anchor:middle;font-weight:700","Under 15 KB",[228,248,250],{"x":242,"y":249,"fill":232,"style":238},"190.3","Inline all of it",[228,252,255],{"x":242,"y":253,"fill":193,"style":254},"207.2","font-size:11px;text-anchor:middle","no request, no extraction risk",[228,257,259],{"x":230,"y":243,"fill":258,"style":245},"#166a9e","15 to 60 KB",[228,261,262],{"x":230,"y":249,"fill":232,"style":238},"Inline critical rules",[228,264,265],{"x":230,"y":253,"fill":193,"style":254},"full file loads non-blocking",[228,267,270],{"x":268,"y":243,"fill":269,"style":245},"626.0","#b32b30","Over 60 KB",[228,272,273],{"x":268,"y":249,"fill":232,"style":238},"Purge first",[228,275,276],{"x":268,"y":253,"fill":193,"style":254},"then choose again",[278,279,177,280,157],"defs",{},[281,282,288,289,177],"marker",{"id":283,"viewBox":284,"refX":184,"refY":285,"markerWidth":286,"markerHeight":286,"orient":287},"crit-dec-arrow","0 0 10 10","5","7","auto-start-reverse","\n      ",[189,290],{"d":291,"fill":193},"M0 0 L10 5 L0 10 z",[293,294,295],"figcaption",{},"The thresholds are rules of thumb from these two sites; the deciding factor is whether the repeated bytes cost less than one round trip.",[32,297,299],{"id":298},"step-2a-inline-the-whole-stylesheet","Step 2a: Inline the Whole Stylesheet",[14,301,302,303,306,307,310],{},"At 11 KB compressed, the Eleventy site simply inlines everything. An Eleventy transform reads the built CSS once and replaces the ",[18,304,305],{},"\u003Clink>"," with a ",[18,308,309],{},"\u003Cstyle>"," element:",[68,312,316],{"className":313,"code":314,"language":315,"meta":73,"style":73},"language-js shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark","\u002F\u002F eleventy.config.js\nimport { readFileSync } from 'node:fs';\nlet css;\neleventyConfig.addTransform('inline-css', function (content) {\n  if (!this.page.outputPath?.endsWith('.html')) return content;\n  css ??= readFileSync('_site\u002Fassets\u002Fsite.css', 'utf8');\n  return content.replace(\u002F\u003Clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"\\\u002Fassets\\\u002Fsite\\.css\">\u002F, `\u003Cstyle>${css}\u003C\u002Fstyle>`);\n});\n","js",[18,317,318,323,341,350,381,415,440,494],{"__ignoreMap":73},[77,319,320],{"class":79,"line":80},[77,321,322],{"class":116},"\u002F\u002F eleventy.config.js\n",[77,324,325,328,332,335,338],{"class":79,"line":120},[77,326,327],{"class":107},"import",[77,329,331],{"class":330},"sVt8B"," { readFileSync } ",[77,333,334],{"class":107},"from",[77,336,337],{"class":97}," 'node:fs'",[77,339,340],{"class":330},";\n",[77,342,344,347],{"class":79,"line":343},3,[77,345,346],{"class":107},"let",[77,348,349],{"class":330}," css;\n",[77,351,353,356,359,362,365,368,371,374,378],{"class":79,"line":352},4,[77,354,355],{"class":330},"eleventyConfig.",[77,357,358],{"class":83},"addTransform",[77,360,361],{"class":330},"(",[77,363,364],{"class":97},"'inline-css'",[77,366,367],{"class":330},", ",[77,369,370],{"class":107},"function",[77,372,373],{"class":330}," (",[77,375,377],{"class":376},"s4XuR","content",[77,379,380],{"class":330},") {\n",[77,382,384,387,389,392,395,398,401,403,406,409,412],{"class":79,"line":383},5,[77,385,386],{"class":107},"  if",[77,388,373],{"class":330},[77,390,391],{"class":107},"!",[77,393,394],{"class":87},"this",[77,396,397],{"class":330},".page.outputPath?.",[77,399,400],{"class":83},"endsWith",[77,402,361],{"class":330},[77,404,405],{"class":97},"'.html'",[77,407,408],{"class":330},")) ",[77,410,411],{"class":107},"return",[77,413,414],{"class":330}," content;\n",[77,416,418,421,424,427,429,432,434,437],{"class":79,"line":417},6,[77,419,420],{"class":330},"  css ",[77,422,423],{"class":107},"??=",[77,425,426],{"class":83}," readFileSync",[77,428,361],{"class":330},[77,430,431],{"class":97},"'_site\u002Fassets\u002Fsite.css'",[77,433,367],{"class":330},[77,435,436],{"class":97},"'utf8'",[77,438,439],{"class":330},");\n",[77,441,443,446,449,452,454,457,461,465,468,470,473,476,479,481,483,486,489,492],{"class":79,"line":442},7,[77,444,445],{"class":107},"  return",[77,447,448],{"class":330}," content.",[77,450,451],{"class":83},"replace",[77,453,361],{"class":330},[77,455,456],{"class":97},"\u002F",[77,458,460],{"class":459},"sA_wV","\u003Clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"",[77,462,464],{"class":463},"snhLl","\\\u002F",[77,466,467],{"class":459},"assets",[77,469,464],{"class":463},[77,471,472],{"class":459},"site",[77,474,475],{"class":463},"\\.",[77,477,478],{"class":459},"css\">",[77,480,456],{"class":97},[77,482,367],{"class":330},[77,484,485],{"class":97},"`\u003Cstyle>${",[77,487,488],{"class":330},"css",[77,490,491],{"class":97},"}\u003C\u002Fstyle>`",[77,493,439],{"class":330},[77,495,497],{"class":79,"line":496},8,[77,498,499],{"class":330},"});\n",[14,501,502,503,506,507,510,511,514,515,30],{},"In Astro, ",[18,504,505],{},"build.inlineStylesheets: 'always'"," does the same for component and page styles; ",[18,508,509],{},"'auto'"," inlines only stylesheets below ",[18,512,513],{},"vite.build.assetsInlineLimit",". Hugo can inline a processed resource with ",[18,516,517],{},"{{ with resources.Get \"css\u002Fsite.css\" | minify }}\u003Cstyle>{{ .Content | safeCSS }}\u003C\u002Fstyle>{{ end }}",[14,519,520,521,523,524,527,528,531,532,30],{},"If the site has a Content Security Policy, inline ",[18,522,309],{}," elements need a hash or ",[18,525,526],{},"'unsafe-inline'"," in ",[18,529,530],{},"style-src",". Hashing works well for static sites because the CSS is identical on every page; the approach is the same as for scripts in ",[26,533,535],{"href":534},"\u002Fproduction-ready-deployment-cicd-workflows\u002Fsecurity-headers-for-static-sites\u002Fhash-based-csp-for-inline-scripts-in-astro\u002F","Hash-Based CSP for Inline Scripts in Astro",[32,537,539],{"id":538},"step-2b-extract-critical-rules-per-page","Step 2b: Extract Critical Rules per Page",[14,541,542],{},"For stylesheets that are too large to inline whole, Beasties (the maintained successor to Google's Critters) runs over each built HTML file, keeps the rules that match elements in the document, inlines them, and rewrites the stylesheet link to load without blocking:",[68,544,546],{"className":313,"code":545,"language":315,"meta":73,"style":73},"\u002F\u002F scripts\u002Fcritical.mjs — run after the build\nimport Beasties from 'beasties';\nimport { globby } from 'globby';\nimport { readFile, writeFile } from 'node:fs\u002Fpromises';\n\nconst beasties = new Beasties({ path: 'dist', preload: 'swap', pruneSource: false, fonts: true });\nfor (const file of await globby('dist\u002F**\u002F*.html')) {\n  const html = await readFile(file, 'utf8');\n  await writeFile(file, await beasties.process(html));\n}\n",[18,547,548,553,567,581,595,601,645,674,696,719],{"__ignoreMap":73},[77,549,550],{"class":79,"line":80},[77,551,552],{"class":116},"\u002F\u002F scripts\u002Fcritical.mjs — run after the build\n",[77,554,555,557,560,562,565],{"class":79,"line":120},[77,556,327],{"class":107},[77,558,559],{"class":330}," Beasties ",[77,561,334],{"class":107},[77,563,564],{"class":97}," 'beasties'",[77,566,340],{"class":330},[77,568,569,571,574,576,579],{"class":79,"line":343},[77,570,327],{"class":107},[77,572,573],{"class":330}," { globby } ",[77,575,334],{"class":107},[77,577,578],{"class":97}," 'globby'",[77,580,340],{"class":330},[77,582,583,585,588,590,593],{"class":79,"line":352},[77,584,327],{"class":107},[77,586,587],{"class":330}," { readFile, writeFile } ",[77,589,334],{"class":107},[77,591,592],{"class":97}," 'node:fs\u002Fpromises'",[77,594,340],{"class":330},[77,596,597],{"class":79,"line":383},[77,598,600],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":599},true,"\n",[77,602,603,606,609,612,615,618,621,624,627,630,633,636,639,642],{"class":79,"line":417},[77,604,605],{"class":107},"const",[77,607,608],{"class":87}," beasties",[77,610,611],{"class":107}," =",[77,613,614],{"class":107}," new",[77,616,617],{"class":83}," Beasties",[77,619,620],{"class":330},"({ path: ",[77,622,623],{"class":97},"'dist'",[77,625,626],{"class":330},", preload: ",[77,628,629],{"class":97},"'swap'",[77,631,632],{"class":330},", pruneSource: ",[77,634,635],{"class":87},"false",[77,637,638],{"class":330},", fonts: ",[77,640,641],{"class":87},"true",[77,643,644],{"class":330}," });\n",[77,646,647,650,652,654,657,660,663,666,668,671],{"class":79,"line":442},[77,648,649],{"class":107},"for",[77,651,373],{"class":330},[77,653,605],{"class":107},[77,655,656],{"class":87}," file",[77,658,659],{"class":107}," of",[77,661,662],{"class":107}," await",[77,664,665],{"class":83}," globby",[77,667,361],{"class":330},[77,669,670],{"class":97},"'dist\u002F**\u002F*.html'",[77,672,673],{"class":330},")) {\n",[77,675,676,679,682,684,686,689,692,694],{"class":79,"line":496},[77,677,678],{"class":107},"  const",[77,680,681],{"class":87}," html",[77,683,611],{"class":107},[77,685,662],{"class":107},[77,687,688],{"class":83}," readFile",[77,690,691],{"class":330},"(file, ",[77,693,436],{"class":97},[77,695,439],{"class":330},[77,697,699,702,705,707,710,713,716],{"class":79,"line":698},9,[77,700,701],{"class":107},"  await",[77,703,704],{"class":83}," writeFile",[77,706,691],{"class":330},[77,708,709],{"class":107},"await",[77,711,712],{"class":330}," beasties.",[77,714,715],{"class":83},"process",[77,717,718],{"class":330},"(html));\n",[77,720,722],{"class":79,"line":721},10,[77,723,724],{"class":330},"}\n",[14,726,727,728,731,732,735,736,306,739,742],{},"Beasties inlines rules for every element in the document, not only above the fold, which is more robust than viewport-based tools such as ",[18,729,730],{},"critical"," that render the page in a headless browser: there is no risk of missing a rule because the test viewport was a different size. The cost is a larger inline block. On the Astro site, the per-page inline CSS was 4–7 KB compressed, and ",[18,733,734],{},"preload: 'swap'"," rewrote the link to ",[18,737,738],{},"\u003Clink rel=\"preload\" as=\"style\" onload=\"this.rel='stylesheet'\">",[18,740,741],{},"\u003Cnoscript>"," fallback.",[146,744,745,862],{},[149,746,157,751,157,754,157,757,157,760,157,855],{"viewBox":747,"role":152,"ariaLabelledBy":748,"xmlns":156},"0 0 760 154",[749,750],"crit-beast-title","crit-beast-desc",[159,752,753],{"id":749},"Critical CSS extraction steps per HTML file",[163,755,756],{"id":750},"For each built HTML file, Beasties parses the document, matches every CSS rule against the elements present, inlines matching rules in a style element in the head, rewrites the stylesheet link to preload and swap to a stylesheet when loaded, and leaves a noscript fallback.",[167,758],{"x":169,"y":169,"width":170,"height":759,"fill":172},"154",[174,761,177,762,177,767,177,770,177,774,177,777,177,780,177,786,177,789,177,794,177,797,177,800,177,805,177,809,177,813,177,817,177,820,177,823,177,827,177,831,177,835,177,839,177,842,177,845,177,849,177,852,157],{"style":176},[167,763],{"x":204,"y":764,"width":765,"height":766,"rx":184,"fill":217,"opacity":186,"stroke":217,"style":187},"64.0","116.8","74.1",[167,768],{"x":769,"y":764,"width":765,"height":766,"rx":184,"fill":185,"opacity":186,"stroke":185,"style":187},"170.8",[189,771],{"d":772,"fill":192,"stroke":193,"style":773},"M138.8 101.1 L166.8 101.1","stroke-width:2px;marker-end:url(#crit-beast-arrow)",[167,775],{"x":776,"y":764,"width":765,"height":766,"rx":184,"fill":208,"opacity":209,"stroke":210,"style":187},"321.6",[189,778],{"d":779,"fill":192,"stroke":193,"style":773},"M289.6 101.1 L317.6 101.1",[167,781],{"x":782,"y":764,"width":765,"height":766,"rx":184,"fill":783,"opacity":784,"stroke":785,"style":187},"472.4","#ffca3a","0.24","#a97b00",[189,787],{"d":788,"fill":192,"stroke":193,"style":773},"M440.4 101.1 L468.4 101.1",[167,790],{"x":791,"y":764,"width":765,"height":766,"rx":184,"fill":792,"stroke":793,"style":187},"623.2","#f8fafc","#d9e2ef",[189,795],{"d":796,"fill":192,"stroke":193,"style":773},"M591.2 101.1 L619.2 101.1",[228,798,799],{"x":230,"y":231,"fill":232,"style":233},"What Beasties does to each built page",[228,801,804],{"x":802,"y":803,"fill":232,"style":238},"78.4","91.7","Parse HTML",[228,806,808],{"x":802,"y":807,"fill":193,"style":254},"108.6","built page from",[228,810,812],{"x":802,"y":811,"fill":193,"style":254},"122.9","dist",[228,814,816],{"x":815,"y":803,"fill":232,"style":238},"229.2","Match rules",[228,818,819],{"x":815,"y":807,"fill":193,"style":254},"selectors vs",[228,821,822],{"x":815,"y":811,"fill":193,"style":254},"elements",[228,824,826],{"x":230,"y":825,"fill":232,"style":238},"90.4","Inline",[228,828,830],{"x":230,"y":829,"fill":232,"style":238},"107.3","matches",[228,832,834],{"x":230,"y":833,"fill":193,"style":254},"124.2","4-7 KB per page",[228,836,838],{"x":837,"y":803,"fill":232,"style":238},"530.8","Rewrite link",[228,840,841],{"x":837,"y":807,"fill":193,"style":254},"preload, then",[228,843,844],{"x":837,"y":811,"fill":193,"style":254},"swap",[228,846,848],{"x":847,"y":825,"fill":232,"style":238},"681.6","noscript",[228,850,851],{"x":847,"y":829,"fill":232,"style":238},"fallback",[228,853,854],{"x":847,"y":833,"fill":193,"style":254},"full stylesheet",[278,856,177,857,157],{},[281,858,288,860,177],{"id":859,"viewBox":284,"refX":184,"refY":285,"markerWidth":286,"markerHeight":286,"orient":287},"crit-beast-arrow",[189,861],{"d":291,"fill":193},[293,863,864],{},"The full stylesheet still loads and is cached; it just no longer blocks the first paint.",[32,866,868],{"id":867},"step-3-check-for-flashes-and-shifts","Step 3: Check for Flashes and Shifts",[14,870,871,872,875],{},"Extraction can miss rules that apply only after JavaScript adds a class (an open menu, a theme class on ",[18,873,874],{},"\u003Chtml>","), and those elements then render unstyled until the full stylesheet arrives. Two checks catch this. Visually, load key templates with the network throttled to \"Slow 4G\" and the full stylesheet blocked in DevTools request blocking — what you see is what a slow first visit shows before the swap. In the field, watch CLS p75 for a week after rollout; on the Astro site it stayed at 0.02, but an earlier attempt without the theme class safelisted produced a flash of light theme in dark mode that readers reported within a day.",[14,877,878,879,882,883,886],{},"Theme toggles deserve special care: the inline script that sets ",[18,880,881],{},"data-theme"," before paint must come before the inline styles, and the dark-mode rules must be in the inlined set. Beasties' ",[18,884,885],{},"additionalStylesheets"," and safelisting options cover rules for states not present in the static HTML.",[32,888,890],{"id":889},"measured-impact","Measured Impact",[14,892,893],{},"Lighthouse 12, mobile profile, median of five runs; field p75 from web-vitals RUM over two weeks.",[895,896,897,916],"table",{},[898,899,900],"thead",{},[901,902,903,907,910,913],"tr",{},[904,905,906],"th",{},"Measure",[904,908,909],{},"External CSS",[904,911,912],{},"Inline all (Eleventy)",[904,914,915],{},"Critical inline (Astro)",[917,918,919,932,946,960,974,988],"tbody",{},[901,920,921,925,928,930],{},[922,923,924],"td",{},"Render-blocking requests",[922,926,927],{},"1",[922,929,169],{},[922,931,169],{},[901,933,934,937,940,943],{},[922,935,936],{},"FCP, lab",[922,938,939],{},"1.9 s \u002F 2.2 s",[922,941,942],{},"1.3 s",[922,944,945],{},"1.5 s",[901,947,948,951,954,957],{},[922,949,950],{},"LCP, lab",[922,952,953],{},"2.3 s \u002F 2.8 s",[922,955,956],{},"1.7 s",[922,958,959],{},"2.1 s",[901,961,962,965,968,971],{},[922,963,964],{},"LCP p75, field",[922,966,967],{},"1.6 s \u002F 2.1 s",[922,969,970],{},"1.2 s",[922,972,973],{},"1.9 s",[901,975,976,979,982,985],{},[922,977,978],{},"HTML size increase per page (compressed)",[922,980,981],{},"—",[922,983,984],{},"+11 KB",[922,986,987],{},"+5 KB",[901,989,990,993,996,999],{},[922,991,992],{},"CLS p75, field",[922,994,995],{},"0.01 \u002F 0.02",[922,997,998],{},"0.01",[922,1000,1001],{},"0.02",[146,1003,1004,1091],{},[149,1005,157,1010,157,1013,157,1016,157,1019],{"viewBox":1006,"role":152,"ariaLabelledBy":1007,"xmlns":156},"0 0 760 196",[1008,1009],"crit-fcp-title","crit-fcp-desc",[159,1011,1012],{"id":1008},"FCP with external CSS compared with inlined CSS on both sites",[163,1014,1015],{"id":1009},"Paired bars. On the Eleventy site, FCP went from 1.9 seconds with an external stylesheet to 1.3 seconds with the whole stylesheet inlined. On the Astro site, FCP went from 2.2 seconds to 1.5 seconds with critical rules inlined by Beasties.",[167,1017],{"x":169,"y":169,"width":170,"height":1018,"fill":172},"196",[174,1020,177,1021,177,1029,177,1033,177,1040,177,1044,177,1047,177,1050,177,1053,177,1056,177,1061,177,1065,177,1069,177,1074,177,1078,177,1082,177,1087,157],{"style":176},[167,1022],{"x":1023,"y":183,"width":1024,"height":1025,"rx":1026,"fill":224,"opacity":1027,"stroke":226,"style":1028},"264.2","14.0","12.0","2","0.3","stroke-width:1px",[167,1030],{"x":1031,"y":183,"width":1024,"height":1025,"rx":1026,"fill":208,"opacity":1032,"stroke":210,"style":1028},"433.8","0.4",[167,1034],{"x":1035,"y":1036,"width":1037,"height":1038,"rx":1039,"fill":224,"opacity":1027,"stroke":226,"style":1028},"230.0","82.0","401.8","16.0","3",[167,1041],{"x":1035,"y":1042,"width":1043,"height":1038,"rx":1039,"fill":208,"opacity":1032,"stroke":210,"style":1028},"102.0","274.9",[167,1045],{"x":1035,"y":242,"width":1046,"height":1038,"rx":1039,"fill":224,"opacity":1027,"stroke":226,"style":1028},"465.3",[167,1048],{"x":1035,"y":205,"width":1049,"height":1038,"rx":1039,"fill":208,"opacity":1032,"stroke":210,"style":1028},"317.2",[189,1051],{"d":1052,"fill":192,"stroke":193,"style":187},"M230.0 78.0 L230.0 176.0",[228,1054,1055],{"x":230,"y":231,"fill":232,"style":233},"First Contentful Paint, lab, before and after",[228,1057,1060],{"x":1058,"y":181,"fill":193,"style":1059},"284.2","font-size:12px;text-anchor:start","External stylesheet",[228,1062,1064],{"x":1063,"y":181,"fill":193,"style":1059},"453.8","Inlined",[228,1066,1068],{"x":204,"y":1067,"fill":232,"style":1059},"105.2","Eleventy (inline all)",[228,1070,973],{"x":1071,"y":1072,"fill":269,"style":1073},"638.8","94.5","font-size:11.5px;text-anchor:start;font-weight:700",[228,1075,942],{"x":1076,"y":1077,"fill":244,"style":1073},"511.9","114.5",[228,1079,1081],{"x":204,"y":1080,"fill":232,"style":1059},"157.2","Astro (critical via Beasties)",[228,1083,1086],{"x":1084,"y":1085,"fill":269,"style":1073},"702.3","146.5","2.2 s",[228,1088,945],{"x":1089,"y":1090,"fill":244,"style":1073},"554.2","166.5",[293,1092,1093],{},"Lighthouse mobile profile, median of five runs on the same build and runner.",[32,1095,1097],{"id":1096},"the-repeat-visit-trade-off","The Repeat-Visit Trade-Off",[14,1099,1100],{},"Inlining moves bytes from a cacheable file into every HTML response. For a reader who views one page, that is pure gain. For a reader who views ten pages in a session, the Eleventy site now sends 11 KB × 10 = 110 KB of CSS where an external file would have sent 11 KB once. Documentation sites have long sessions — this one averaged 4.3 pages per session — so the question is whether 34 KB of extra transfer per session matters more than 600 ms off the first paint.",[14,1102,1103],{},"For this site it did not: the extra bytes arrive with HTML that is already downloading, add almost no time on a warm connection, and the first page is where readers decide to stay. But it is worth doing the arithmetic for your own audience. A hybrid approach sets a cookie after the first page view and serves the external stylesheet to returning readers, but on a static site that requires an edge function to vary the HTML; for most sites the simpler rule is to inline small stylesheets and extract critical CSS from large ones.",[146,1105,1106,1170],{},[149,1107,157,1112,157,1115,157,1118,157,1121],{"viewBox":1108,"role":152,"ariaLabelledBy":1109,"xmlns":156},"0 0 760 295",[1110,1111],"crit-sess-title","crit-sess-desc",[159,1113,1114],{"id":1110},"CSS transfer per average session with external and inlined styles",[163,1116,1117],{"id":1111},"Vertical bars of CSS bytes transferred in an average documentation session of 4.3 pages. External cached stylesheet 11 kilobytes. Whole stylesheet inlined 47 kilobytes. Critical rules inlined plus the cached external file 32 kilobytes on the Astro site.",[167,1119],{"x":169,"y":169,"width":170,"height":1120,"fill":172},"295",[174,1122,177,1123,177,1129,177,1134,177,1139,177,1142,177,1145,177,1151,177,1156,177,1160,177,1162,177,1167,157],{"style":176},[167,1124],{"x":1125,"y":1126,"width":1127,"height":1128,"rx":1039,"fill":208,"opacity":1032,"stroke":210,"style":1028},"108.3","206.2","90.0","39.8",[167,1130],{"x":1131,"y":1132,"width":1127,"height":243,"rx":1039,"fill":783,"opacity":1133,"stroke":785,"style":1028},"335.0","76.0","0.45",[167,1135],{"x":1136,"y":1137,"width":1127,"height":1138,"rx":1039,"fill":217,"opacity":1027,"stroke":217,"style":1028},"561.7","130.3","115.7",[189,1140],{"d":1141,"fill":192,"stroke":193,"style":187},"M30.0 246.0 L730.0 246.0",[228,1143,1144],{"x":230,"y":231,"fill":232,"style":233},"CSS bytes per session of 4.3 pages",[228,1146,1150],{"x":1147,"y":1148,"fill":244,"style":1149},"153.3","199.2","font-size:12px;text-anchor:middle;font-weight:700","11 KB",[228,1152,1155],{"x":1147,"y":1153,"fill":193,"style":1154},"264.0","font-size:11.5px;text-anchor:middle","External and cached",[228,1157,1159],{"x":230,"y":1158,"fill":232,"style":1149},"69.0","47 KB",[228,1161,912],{"x":230,"y":1153,"fill":193,"style":1154},[228,1163,1166],{"x":1164,"y":1165,"fill":232,"style":1149},"606.7","123.3","32 KB",[228,1168,1169],{"x":1164,"y":1153,"fill":193,"style":1154},"Critical inline + cached file (Astro)",[293,1171,1172],{},"Compressed bytes; the external file is counted once because it is cached after the first page.",[32,1174,1176],{"id":1175},"pitfalls-rollback","Pitfalls & Rollback",[37,1178,1179,1186,1192,1198,1208],{},[40,1180,1181,1185],{},[1182,1183,1184],"strong",{},"Inlining before purging."," A 180 KB stylesheet inlined into every page makes things worse; purge first.",[40,1187,1188,1191],{},[1182,1189,1190],{},"Missing state rules."," Menus, dialogs and theme classes added by JavaScript need safelisting.",[40,1193,1194,1197],{},[1182,1195,1196],{},"CSP blocking inline styles."," Add a hash for the inline block, or the page renders unstyled in strict-CSP browsers.",[40,1199,1200,1203,1204,1207],{},[1182,1201,1202],{},"Double loading."," Keep only one path to the full stylesheet; a leftover ",[18,1205,1206],{},"\u003Clink rel=\"stylesheet\">"," next to the preload downloads it twice.",[40,1209,1210,1213,1214,1216],{},[1182,1211,1212],{},"Rollback:"," both approaches are post-build transforms. Removing the transform restores the original ",[18,1215,305],{}," on the next build.",[32,1218,1220],{"id":1219},"conclusion","Conclusion",[14,1222,1223],{},"The render-blocking stylesheet is a first-visit tax that static sites pay needlessly. Inline small stylesheets whole; extract critical rules per page with Beasties when the stylesheet is larger; purge before either. On these two sites that removed every render-blocking request and cut lab FCP by 600–700 ms, for a few kilobytes more per HTML page.",[32,1225,1227],{"id":1226},"faq","FAQ",[1229,1230,1232],"h3",{"id":1231},"what-counts-as-critical-css","What counts as critical CSS?",[14,1234,1235],{},"The rules needed to render the content visible in the first viewport without layout changes, typically the page shell, header, typography and the top of the main content. Everything below the fold, and styles for interactive states, can load later.",[1229,1237,1239],{"id":1238},"when-should-i-inline-the-entire-stylesheet-instead","When should I inline the entire stylesheet instead?",[14,1241,1242],{},"When it is small, roughly under 15 KB compressed. At that size the cost of repeating it in every page is lower than the round trip a separate request costs a first-time visitor on a mobile connection, and there is no risk of missing rules.",[1229,1244,1246],{"id":1245},"does-inlining-css-hurt-repeat-visits","Does inlining CSS hurt repeat visits?",[14,1248,1249],{},"Slightly. Inlined CSS is downloaded with every HTML page, while an external file is cached after the first view. For small stylesheets the difference is a few kilobytes per page. For large ones, keep the external file and inline only the critical subset.",[1229,1251,1253],{"id":1252},"can-critical-css-extraction-break-a-page","Can critical CSS extraction break a page?",[14,1255,1256],{},"Yes, if rules needed above the fold are missed, which shows as a flash of unstyled or shifting content before the full stylesheet loads. 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Eleventy",{"path":1651,"title":1652},"\u002Fchoosing-the-right-static-site-generator-for-production\u002Fsearch-for-static-sites\u002Fcustomizing-the-pagefind-ui","Customizing the Pagefind UI",{"path":1654,"title":1655},"\u002Fchoosing-the-right-static-site-generator-for-production\u002Fsearch-for-static-sites\u002Ffixing-missing-results-in-pagefind-indexes","Fixing Missing Results in Pagefind Indexes",{"path":1657,"title":1658},"\u002Fchoosing-the-right-static-site-generator-for-production\u002Fsearch-for-static-sites","Search for Static Sites",{"path":1660,"title":1661},"\u002Fchoosing-the-right-static-site-generator-for-production\u002Fsearch-for-static-sites\u002Findexing-hugo-sites-with-pagefind","Indexing Hugo Sites with Pagefind",{"path":1663,"title":1664},"\u002Fchoosing-the-right-static-site-generator-for-production\u002Fsearch-for-static-sites\u002Fmultilingual-search-on-static-sites","Multilingual Search on Static Sites",{"path":1666,"title":1667},"\u002Fchoosing-the-right-static-site-generator-for-production\u002Fsearch-for-static-sites\u002Fpagefind-vs-algolia-docsearch","Pagefind vs Algolia DocSearch",{"path":1669,"title":1670},"\u002Fchoosing-the-right-static-site-generator-for-production\u002Fsearch-for-static-sites\u002Fpagefind-vs-lunr-for-small-documentation-sites","Pagefind vs Lunr for Small Documentation Sites",{"path":1672,"title":1673},"\u002Fchoosing-the-right-static-site-generator-for-production\u002Fsearch-for-static-sites\u002Fsearch-index-size-budgets-for-large-docs","Search Index Size Budgets for Large Docs",{"path":1675,"title":1676},"\u002Fchoosing-the-right-static-site-generator-for-production\u002Fsearch-for-static-sites\u002Fself-hosting-typesense-for-a-static-site","Self-Hosting Typesense for a Static Site",{"path":1678,"title":1679},"\u002Fchoosing-the-right-static-site-generator-for-production\u002Fsearch-for-static-sites\u002Ftracking-zero-result-searches","Tracking 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Time",{"path":1717,"title":1718},"\u002Fchoosing-the-right-static-site-generator-for-production\u002Ftechnical-seo-for-static-sites\u002Fcanonical-urls-and-duplicate-content-on-static-sites","Canonical URLs and Duplicate Content on Static Sites",{"path":1720,"title":1721},"\u002Fchoosing-the-right-static-site-generator-for-production\u002Ftechnical-seo-for-static-sites\u002Ffixing-pages-crawled-but-not-indexed-on-static-sites","Fixing Pages Crawled but Not Indexed on Static Sites",{"path":1723,"title":1724},"\u002Fchoosing-the-right-static-site-generator-for-production\u002Ftechnical-seo-for-static-sites\u002Ffixing-soft-404s-on-static-hosts","Fixing Soft 404s on Static Hosts",{"path":1726,"title":1727},"\u002Fchoosing-the-right-static-site-generator-for-production\u002Ftechnical-seo-for-static-sites\u002Fgenerating-breadcrumb-structured-data-in-astro","Generating Breadcrumb Structured Data in Astro",{"path":1729,"title":1730},"\u002Fchoosing-the-right-static-site-generator-for-production\u002Ftechnical-seo-for-static-sites\u002Fgenerating-sitemaps-for-large-static-sites","Generating Sitemaps for Large Static Sites",{"path":1732,"title":1733},"\u002Fchoosing-the-right-static-site-generator-for-production\u002Ftechnical-seo-for-static-sites","Technical SEO for Static Sites",{"path":1735,"title":1736},"\u002Fchoosing-the-right-static-site-generator-for-production\u002Ftechnical-seo-for-static-sites\u002Frobots-txt-and-noindex-for-preview-and-staging","robots.txt and noindex for Preview and Staging",{"path":1738,"title":1739},"\u002Fchoosing-the-right-static-site-generator-for-production\u002Ftechnical-seo-for-static-sites\u002Frss-and-atom-feeds-for-static-blogs","RSS and Atom Feeds for Static Blogs",{"path":1741,"title":1742},"\u002Fchoosing-the-right-static-site-generator-for-production\u002Ftechnical-seo-for-static-sites\u002Fseo-safe-pagination-and-tag-pages","SEO-Safe 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Sites",{"path":1756,"title":1757},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcdn-caching-rules-for-ssgs\u002Fcache-keys-and-query-strings-on-cdns","Cache Keys and Query Strings on CDNs",{"path":1759,"title":1760},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcdn-caching-rules-for-ssgs\u002Fcaching-404s-and-redirects-at-the-edge","Caching 404s and Redirects at the Edge",{"path":1762,"title":1763},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcdn-caching-rules-for-ssgs\u002Fcloudflare-vs-cloudfront-cache-hit-ratios-for-static-sites","Cloudflare vs CloudFront Cache Hit Ratios for Static Sites",{"path":1765,"title":1766},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcdn-caching-rules-for-ssgs\u002Ffixing-stale-html-after-deploys-on-cloudflare","Fixing Stale HTML After Deploys on Cloudflare",{"path":1768,"title":1769},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcdn-caching-rules-for-ssgs","CDN Caching Rules for SSGs",{"path":1771,"title":1772},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcdn-caching-rules-for-ssgs\u002Fpurging-the-cdn-cache-after-a-static-deploy","Purging the CDN Cache After a Static Deploy",{"path":1774,"title":1775},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcdn-caching-rules-for-ssgs\u002Fsetting-cache-control-headers-on-cloudflare-pages","Cache-Control Headers on Cloudflare Pages",{"path":1777,"title":1778},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcdn-caching-rules-for-ssgs\u002Fsetting-up-proper-cache-headers-on-netlify","Proper Cache Headers on Netlify for SSGs",{"path":1780,"title":1781},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcdn-caching-rules-for-ssgs\u002Fstale-while-revalidate-for-static-html","Stale-While-Revalidate for Static HTML",{"path":1783,"title":1784},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcdn-caching-rules-for-ssgs\u002Ftiered-caching-and-origin-shield","Tiered Caching and Origin Shield",{"path":1786,"title":1787},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcss-and-javascript-asset-optimization\u002Fcode-splitting-and-module-preload-in-vite-based-ssgs","Code Splitting and Module Preload in Vite-Based SSGs",{"path":1789,"title":1790},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcss-and-javascript-asset-optimization\u002Ffixing-missing-tailwind-classes-in-production-builds","Fixing Missing Tailwind Classes in Production Builds",{"path":1792,"title":1793},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcss-and-javascript-asset-optimization\u002Ffixing-unused-javascript-warnings-on-static-pages","Fixing Unused JavaScript Warnings on Static Pages",{"path":1795,"title":29},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcss-and-javascript-asset-optimization",{"path":1338,"title":5},{"path":1798,"title":1799},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcss-and-javascript-asset-optimization\u002Fkeeping-tailwind-css-output-small-on-static-sites","Keeping Tailwind CSS Output Small on Static Sites",{"path":1801,"title":1802},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcss-and-javascript-asset-optimization\u002Fminifying-html-css-and-js-in-eleventy","Minifying HTML, CSS and JS in Eleventy",{"path":1804,"title":1289},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcss-and-javascript-asset-optimization\u002Fprecompressing-assets-with-brotli-and-zstd",{"path":1806,"title":56},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcss-and-javascript-asset-optimization\u002Fpurging-unused-css-with-tailwind-and-lightningcss",{"path":1808,"title":1809},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcss-and-javascript-asset-optimization\u002Fsvg-icon-sprites-vs-inline-icons","SVG Icon Sprites vs Inline Icons",{"path":1811,"title":1812},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcss-and-javascript-asset-optimization\u002Ftailwind-v4-in-astro-without-postcss-plugins","Tailwind v4 in Astro Without PostCSS Plugins",{"path":1814,"title":1815},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcumulative-layout-shift-fixes-for-static-sites\u002Fcls-from-client-side-rendered-components","CLS from Client-Side 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Sites",{"path":1841,"title":1842},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcumulative-layout-shift-fixes-for-static-sites\u002Fmeasuring-cls-in-the-field-with-web-vitals-js","Measuring CLS in the Field With web-vitals.js",{"path":1844,"title":1845},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcumulative-layout-shift-fixes-for-static-sites\u002Freserving-space-for-ad-and-promo-slots","Reserving Space for Ad and Promo Slots",{"path":1847,"title":1848},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcumulative-layout-shift-fixes-for-static-sites\u002Freserving-space-for-images-and-embeds-to-stop-layout-shift","Reserving Space for Images and Embeds",{"path":1850,"title":1851},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Ffont-loading-strategies-for-static-sites\u002Fauditing-font-payload-per-page","Auditing Font Payload per 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size-adjust",{"path":1865,"title":1866},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Ffont-loading-strategies-for-static-sites\u002Fpreloading-fonts-without-double-downloads","Preloading Fonts Without Double Downloads",{"path":1868,"title":1869},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Ffont-loading-strategies-for-static-sites\u002Fself-hosted-fonts-vs-google-fonts-for-static-sites","Self-Hosted Fonts vs Google Fonts for Static Sites",{"path":1871,"title":1872},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Ffont-loading-strategies-for-static-sites\u002Fself-hosting-google-fonts-to-eliminate-layout-shift","Self-Host Google Fonts to Eliminate Layout Shift",{"path":1874,"title":1875},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Ffont-loading-strategies-for-static-sites\u002Fsubsetting-variable-fonts-for-faster-first-render","Subsetting Variable Fonts for Faster First Render",{"path":1877,"title":1878},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Ffont-loading-strategies-for-static-sites\u002Fusing-system-font-stacks-to-skip-webfonts","Using System Font Stacks to Skip Web Fonts",{"path":1880,"title":1881},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Ffont-loading-strategies-for-static-sites\u002Fvariable-fonts-vs-static-weights","Variable Fonts vs Static Weights",{"path":1883,"title":1884},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fimage-optimization-pipelines-in-astro\u002Fart-direction-with-the-picture-element","Art Direction with the Picture Element",{"path":1886,"title":1887},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fimage-optimization-pipelines-in-astro\u002Fblur-up-placeholders-with-lqip","Blur-Up Placeholders with LQIP",{"path":1889,"title":1890},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fimage-optimization-pipelines-in-astro\u002Fbuilding-an-image-cdn-pipeline-for-static-sites","Building an Image CDN Pipeline for Static Sites",{"path":1892,"title":1893},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fimage-optimization-pipelines-in-astro\u002Fcaching-processed-images-between-builds","Caching Processed Images Between Builds",{"path":1895,"title":1896},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fimage-optimization-pipelines-in-astro\u002Ffixing-blurry-images-from-astro-assets-resizing","Fixing Blurry Images From astro:assets Resizing",{"path":1898,"title":1899},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fimage-optimization-pipelines-in-astro\u002Fgenerating-open-graph-images-at-build-time","Generating Open Graph Images at Build 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Eleventy",{"path":1913,"title":1914},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fimage-optimization-pipelines-in-astro\u002Fserving-astro-images-through-cloudflare-image-resizing","Serving Astro Images Through Cloudflare Image Resizing",{"path":1916,"title":1917},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fimage-optimization-pipelines-in-astro\u002Fserving-avif-with-fallbacks-on-static-sites","Serving AVIF With Fallbacks on Static Sites",{"path":1919,"title":1324},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs",{"path":1921,"title":1922},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fjavascript-hydration-partial-rendering\u002Fastro-islands-vs-full-hydration-performance","Astro Islands vs Full Hydration Performance",{"path":1924,"title":1925},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fjavascript-hydration-partial-rendering\u002Fbreaking-up-long-tasks-on-static-sites","Breaking Up Long Tasks on Static Sites",{"path":1927,"title":1928},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fjavascript-hydration-partial-rendering\u002Fdeferring-hydration-with-client-visible-in-astro","Deferring Hydration with client:visible in Astro",{"path":1930,"title":1931},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fjavascript-hydration-partial-rendering\u002Ffixing-hydration-mismatch-errors-in-astro-islands","Fixing Hydration Mismatch Errors in Astro Islands",{"path":1933,"title":1934},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fjavascript-hydration-partial-rendering\u002Ffixing-poor-inp-on-static-pages-with-heavy-widgets","Fixing Poor INP on Static Pages With Heavy Widgets",{"path":1936,"title":1937},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fjavascript-hydration-partial-rendering\u002Fhow-to-reduce-bundle-size-in-eleventy-builds","How to Reduce Bundle Size in Eleventy Builds",{"path":1939,"title":1940},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fjavascript-hydration-partial-rendering","JavaScript Hydration & Partial Rendering",{"path":1942,"title":1943},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fjavascript-hydration-partial-rendering\u002Fmeasuring-inp-on-static-sites-with-real-user-monitoring","Measuring INP on Static Sites with RUM",{"path":1945,"title":1946},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fjavascript-hydration-partial-rendering\u002Fpreact-vs-react-islands-bundle-size","Preact vs React Islands Bundle Size",{"path":1948,"title":1949},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fjavascript-hydration-partial-rendering\u002Freplacing-react-islands-with-web-components","Replacing React Islands with Web Components",{"path":1951,"title":1952},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fjavascript-hydration-partial-rendering\u002Fserver-islands-in-astro","Server Islands in Astro",{"path":1954,"title":1277},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Flargest-contentful-paint-optimization-for-static-sites\u002Feliminating-render-blocking-css-on-static-sites",{"path":1956,"title":1957},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Flargest-contentful-paint-optimization-for-static-sites\u002Ffixing-lcp-on-text-heavy-documentation-pages","Fixing LCP on Text-Heavy Documentation Pages",{"path":1959,"title":1960},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Flargest-contentful-paint-optimization-for-static-sites\u002Ffixing-lcp-regressions-caused-by-cookie-consent-tools","Fixing LCP Regressions Caused by Cookie Consent Tools",{"path":1962,"title":1963},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Flargest-contentful-paint-optimization-for-static-sites\u002Ffixing-lcp-when-the-hero-is-a-background-image","Fixing LCP When the Hero Is a Background Image",{"path":1965,"title":1966},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Flargest-contentful-paint-optimization-for-static-sites\u002Ffixing-slow-lcp-on-pages-with-embedded-video","Fixing Slow LCP on Pages With Embedded Video",{"path":1968,"title":1969},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Flargest-contentful-paint-optimization-for-static-sites\u002Fimproving-ttfb-for-static-html","Improving TTFB for Static HTML",{"path":1971,"title":1972},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Flargest-contentful-paint-optimization-for-static-sites","Largest Contentful Paint Optimization for Static Sites",{"path":1974,"title":1975},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Flargest-contentful-paint-optimization-for-static-sites\u002Fmeasuring-lcp-subparts-with-devtools","Measuring LCP Subparts with DevTools",{"path":1977,"title":1978},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Flargest-contentful-paint-optimization-for-static-sites\u002Foptimizing-lcp-on-astro-with-priority-hints","Optimizing LCP on Astro with Priority Hints",{"path":1980,"title":1981},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Flargest-contentful-paint-optimization-for-static-sites\u002Freducing-lcp-from-hero-images-on-static-sites","Reducing LCP from Hero Images on Static Sites",{"path":1983,"title":1984},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fperformance-budgets-and-lighthouse-ci\u002Fcomparing-lab-and-field-data-with-crux","Comparing Lab and Field Data with CrUX",{"path":1986,"title":1987},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fperformance-budgets-and-lighthouse-ci","Performance Budgets and Lighthouse CI",{"path":1989,"title":1990},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fperformance-budgets-and-lighthouse-ci\u002Flighthouse-ci-vs-webpagetest-for-regression-gates","Lighthouse CI vs WebPageTest for Regression Gates",{"path":1992,"title":1993},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fperformance-budgets-and-lighthouse-ci\u002Fmeasuring-web-vitals-in-playwright-tests","Measuring Web Vitals in Playwright Tests",{"path":1995,"title":1996},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fperformance-budgets-and-lighthouse-ci\u002Fper-template-performance-budgets","Per-Template Performance Budgets",{"path":1998,"title":1999},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fperformance-budgets-and-lighthouse-ci\u002Fperformance-testing-on-throttled-mobile-profiles","Performance Testing on Throttled Mobile Profiles",{"path":2001,"title":2002},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fperformance-budgets-and-lighthouse-ci\u002Freducing-lighthouse-score-variance-in-ci","Reducing Lighthouse Score Variance in CI",{"path":2004,"title":2005},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fperformance-budgets-and-lighthouse-ci\u002Frunning-webpagetest-scripts-against-preview-deploys","Running WebPageTest Scripts Against Preview Deploys",{"path":2007,"title":2008},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fperformance-budgets-and-lighthouse-ci\u002Fsetting-up-lighthouse-ci-for-a-static-site","Setting Up Lighthouse CI for a Static Site",{"path":2010,"title":2011},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fperformance-budgets-and-lighthouse-ci\u002Ftracking-bundle-size-per-pull-request","Tracking Bundle Size per Pull Request",{"path":2013,"title":2014},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fperformance-budgets-and-lighthouse-ci\u002Ftracking-page-weight-over-time","Tracking Page Weight Over Time",{"path":2016,"title":2017},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fperformance-budgets-and-lighthouse-ci\u002Fwriting-a-performance-budget-that-fails-builds","Writing a Performance Budget That Fails Builds",{"path":2019,"title":2020},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fresource-hints-and-navigation-speed\u002Fauditing-unused-preloads","Auditing Unused Preloads",{"path":2022,"title":2023},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fresource-hints-and-navigation-speed\u002Fearly-hints-103-on-cloudflare","Early Hints 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